The Romanian 16th seed defeated Anisimova 6-2 6-4 to secure a semi-final date with Elena Rybakina.
Two-time major champion Halep has won the last 21 sets she’s played at Wimbledon, having not dropped any during this year’s event.
“I’m really happy to be back in semis here in Wimbledon,” Halep said.
“It’s one of my favourite tournaments, so it’s pretty special. It’s been a great match today, and I’m really pleased with the way I played.
“I think every match I got a little bit better. I had tough opponents, and I did what I had to do every day.”
Halep, who is a former world number one, hadnt actually played at Wimbledon since 2019, with the 2020 edition cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and a calf injury ruling her out last year.
The Romanian has been plagued for injuries over the past 12 months but reaching a major final would be a big step although Rybakina stands in her way.
The 17th seed from Kazakhstan fought back from a set down to win over Australian Ajla Tomljanovic 4-6 6-2 6-3.
“I know she’s a big hitter. I played against her few times,” Halep said about Rybakina.
“I’m sure that she has a lot of confidence being in semis now here in Wimbledon.”