Guardiola thought his side had taken the lead when Foden lashed home a rebound in the second half when Alisson failed to claim a loose ball from Kevin De Bruyne’s pass.
However, referee Anthony Taylor overturned the goal for a foul from Erling Haaland on Fabinho in the lead-up.
“This is Anfield. The referee spoke with my assistant coaches and said: ‘I’m not going to make fouls and I will be clear’,” Guardiola said.
“All game it was play on and play on and play on. Except the (Foden) goal. The ref can decide: ‘I’m going to whistle all the actions’, but he decided not to do it and then after he did it. When we scored a goal it was not play on. This is the reality.
“We didn’t lose the game for that because nobody knows what would have happened but we had momentum and control and scored a goal. We could not have it and then after we lost by a mistake.”
The mistake Guardiola referred to was Joao Cancelo over-committing allowing Mohamed Salah’s winner in the 76th minute.
Liverpool boss Jurgen Klopp was also aggrieved at the referee, fuming on the sidelines before being red carded for objecting to a challenge on Salah going unpunished.
“Yeah, it’s about emotion of course… red card, my fault,” Klopp said.
“I went over the top in the moment, I don’t think I was disrespectful to anybody but when you look at the pictures back I know myself for 55 years that the way I look in these moments is already worth a red card.”
Klopp added: “I don’t know what Pep said now in here, probably not a lot, probably very disappointed or frustrated or whatever.
“But during the game we agreed completely that Anthony Taylor just let the things run. Why would you do that? Both teams, it was not one, but I heard now that people said it was Anfield that made the VAR decision.
“With a foul on Mo, Anfield had no chance to make any impact. It’s a foul on Fabinho, I think we agree on that. Is it not enough to pull somebody down?
“So there was already the first moment where Pep and I were pretty animated, both, but actually for the same reason to be 100 per cent honest. For the same reason, we were not arguing with each other, not at all.”