The 40-year-old has been jailed since January after he was alleged to have sexually assaulted a woman in a Barcelona nightclub in December. He denies any of the charges.
His lawyer had offered to surrender the footballers passports if he was to be granted bail but the request was rejected by the court and they believed he was at high risk to flee.
The High Court of Justice of Catalonia stipulated that Alves wealth could make it easy for him to leave Spain at any time.
His previous request for bail, filed in February, was also rejected by the court.
While he was in police custody, the Mexican football club Pumas UNAM terminated Alves contract back in January.
In his career, Alves had played for FC Barcelona, playing in 408 matches. He also spent time playing for Paris St-Germain and Juventus.
Between 2008 and 2016, he has won six La Liga titles and three Champions Leagues. He also played for Brazil a couple of times, including at the 2022 World Cup.
He had a total of 126 caps for Brazil.