For the second match in the series in Nagpur, India named an unchanged side, whereas Australia brought in Shaun Marsh and Nathan Lyon for Ashton Turner and Jason Behrendorff.
Put into bat by the visitors, India suffered an early blow when Rohit Sharma fell in the first over to Pat Cummins, caught by Adam Zampa without a run being scored.
Shikhar Dhawan and Virat Kohli added 37 before Dhawan was the next to fall, lbw to Glenn Maxwell for 21. Kohli then combined with Ambati Rayudu, but when their partnership had reached 37, Rayudu was out, lbw to the spinner Lyon for 18.
There then followed the best partnership of the innings between Kohli and Vijay Shankar, which added 81 for the 4th wicket, but just when it seemed as if they were about to go on to a big score, Shankar, who had scored a six and 5 fours, was run out by Zampa for 46.
Fielder then turned bowler as Zampa claimed two wickets in successive balls, Kedar Jadhav caught for 11, and MS Dhoni out for a rare first ball duck. Kohli and Ravindra Jadeja then led a recovery, with Kohli going on to reach his 41st ODI century, but then Cummins struck, having Jadeja caught by Usman Khawaja for 21, and then capturing the prize wicket off Kohli, caught by Marcus Stoinis for 116. He had struck 10 fours.
In the same over, Cummins bowled Kuldeep Yadav, and then, three balls later the innings came to an end when Jasprit Bumrah was bowled by Nathan Coulter-Nile. India had been bowled out for 250, with 10 balls of their innings yet to be bowled.
Cummins was the best of the Australian bowlers with 4 for 29.
In reply, Australia got off to a fine start through Aaron Finch and Khawaja who put on 83 for the first wicket before Finch, was lbw to Kuldeep Yadav for 37, having struck a six and 5 fours. The next over, and with no addition to the score, Khawaja was caught by Kohli off Jadhav for 38, featuring 6 fours. Marsh then added 16, before he was caught behind off Jadeja, and then Yadav bowled Glenn Maxwell for just 4.
Peter Handscomb and Marcus Stoinis though brought their side right back into the contest, and when Handscomb, who had reached 48, was run out by Jadeja, Alex Carey came to join Stoinis at the crease as the match headed for a tight finish. Together the pair put on 47 for the sixth wicket before Yadav struck again, bowling Carey for 22. India then struck again as Bumrah bowled Coulter-Nile as the match swung back in favour of the home side. Two balls later Bumrah had another victim, with Cummins caught behind for a duck.
Stoinis and Lyon added 17 but then, at the start of the final over, Stoinis who had reached 52 was lbw to Shankar for 52, which included a six and 4 fours. Two balls later he accounted for the last man to fall, Zampa, as Australia were bowled out for 242, with three balls of their innings yet to be bowled.
Kohli won another man of the match award to add to his collection.